2011년 9월 7일 수요일

"Phyto-Salt"

1. Phyto-salt is the world’s only '100% plant-made salt'; it is extracted from Salicornia europaea, a salt-accumulating halophyte that has the unique metabolism to overcome 'salt stress', a condition that destructs plant life.

2. All current salt products in the market are inorganic mineral salts, which are made up of either seawater or rock salt. Phyto-salt, on the other hand, is a 100% organic mineral salt derived from the Salicornia plant, the only edible salty vegetable on earth. (Organic minerals, which are minerals in complex form combined with organic nutrients such as amino acids and enzymes, are necessary for healthy human metabolism).

3. Pre-clinical trials conducted on the effect of Phyto-salt on hypertension (high blood pressure) at the Clinical Trial Center of Chonbuk National University Hospital have shown Phyto-salt to be very effective on hypertension (https://www.ctcf2.com/). (Phyto-salt is notably the only salt in the world that has been proven to be effective on hypertension).

4. Phyto-salt is naturally a low-sodium mineral salt that is abundant in different kinds of minerals including potassium(K), which helps excrete sodium(Na) from the body.

5. Phyto-salt achieves the perfect mineral-balance through the metabolism unique to plants.

6. Phyto-salt is abundant in different kinds of amino acids, including peptides and enzymes.

7. Phyto-salt is tasty (umami) because it contains natural glutamic acid.

8. Phyto-salt can be produced in various salinity levels (NaCl 60% - 90%) depending on the purpose, by simply controlling the ratio (amount) of minerals to organic nutrients.

9. Phyto-salt’s raw material, Salicornia, is cultivated by ‘seawater agriculture’, which is a new form of agriculture suitable for an age of water and food shortage.
- Salicornia cultivation is environmental-friendly; it does not call for the use of any fertilizers or pesticides because it is grown by seawater and internally accumulates salt content, fighting off diseases and insects.
- Large-scale cultivation of Salicornia will contribute to reducing greenhouse gases by naturally greening the earth’s coastal deserts and wastelands, areas where plants typically cannot grow due to salt stress.

10. Phyto-salt is patented by PhytoCo in Korea and its patent is pending in US, Japan, China, India and EU.

PhytoCo
dhkim@phytoco.com

MBC-TV Korea Airs a Special Report on the Effects of Phyto-Salt

video

Effect of Phyto-Salt on Hypertension(High Blood Pressure)

Chonbuk National University Hospital Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods(http://www.ctcf2.com/) Press Release:

Test Title: Conduction of (pre-clinical) trial on effect of ‘Phytosalt’, organic mineral plant-derived salt, on hypertension
Test Center: CTCF2(Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods)
Publication Date: May 22, 2008

The Chonbuk National University Hospital Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods(CTCF2, Director: Prof. Soo-Wan Chae) recently completed the pre-clinical trial, 'Effect of Phytosalt on the Blood Pressure of Sprague-Dawley Rats(SDR) and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats(SHR)', testing the effects of the organic mineral salt, 'Phytosalt', on hypertension and announced the trial result that "Phytosalt is very effective on hypertension."

CTCF2 conducted a 4-week trial on refined salt(common salt) diet groups, Phytosalt diet groups, and control groups with Sprague-Dawley Rats(SDR) and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats(SHR). The results concluded that while refined salt caused the blood pressure to rise in both SDR and SHR models, Phytosalt restrained the rise of blood pressure in SDR and SHR models by accelerating the excretion of sodium(Na) from the body. Especially, in the SHR model, the blood pressure of the Phytosalt diet groups decreased significantly compared to that of the refined salt diet group.

Sook-Jung Shin, Ph.D., experimenter in charge of the trial, further announced that "the rise of blood pressure that resulted in the refined salt diet group is like that of blood pressure rising in normal people who consume salty foods," and also that, "Phytosalt, as a functional food that lowers hypertension, can be used in both cooked food dishes and manufactured food products."

Comparison of Major Properties by Salt Type

Effect of Phyto-Salt's Raw Material, Salicornia

1. Hypolipidemic effect of Salicornia herbacea in animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2849048/
2. Salicornia herbacea prevents high fat diet-induced hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in ICR mice
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16597000
3. Evaluation of Salicornia herbacea as a Potential Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Agent
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19627218
4. Effects of Salicornia herbacea L. supplementation on antioxidative enzyme activities in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
http://www.koreamed.org/SearchBasic.php?RID=0124KJN/2008.41.7.583&DT=1
5. Effects of enzymatic hydrolysates from Hamcho(Salicornia herbacea L.) on blood glucose and serum lipid composition in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search/display.do?f=2009/KR/KR0904.xml;KR2009001384
6. Effects of polysaccharides from Salicornia herbacea on anti-diabetic activity in rats
http://www.fasebj.org/cgi/content/meeting_abstract/22/1_MeetingAbstracts/1113.4
7. Effects of polysaccharides from Salicornia herbacea on proliferation and apoptotic activity in mouse splenocytes http://www.fasebj.org/cgi/content/meeting_abstract/22/1_MeetingAbstracts/1110.2
8. Inhibitory effects of isorhamnetin-3-O-beta-D-glucoside from Salicornia herbacea on rat lens aldose reductase and sorbitol accumulation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat tissues
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15863906
9. Antioxidant properties and cytotoxic effects of fractions from glasswort (Salicornia herbacea) seed extracts on human intestinal cells
http://www.springerlink.com/content/t3321j044556409j/
10. Immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharides isolated from Salicornia herbacea
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16846839
11. Immunomodulating Activity of Salicornia herbacea Extract
http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=20940781
12. Inhibitory effect of 3-caffeoyl-4-dicaffeoylquinic acid from Salicornia herbacea against phorbol ester-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in macrophages
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19931518
13. Synergistic activation of monocytes by polysaccharides isolated from Salicornia herbacea and interfereon-gamma
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17204386
14. Dicaffeoylquinic acid derivatives and flavonoid glucosides from glasswort (Salicornia herbacea L.) and their antioxidative activity
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030881461001023X
15. The protective effects of Salicornia herbacea L. against liver toxicity
http://www.dbpia.co.kr/view/ar_view.asp?arid=796278
16. Antioxidant and Antithrombus Activities of Enzyme-Treated Salicornia herbacea Extracts
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17536188
17. Effect of Salicornia herbacea Supplementation on the Kidney Damage in Puromycin Aminonucleoside-treated Rats
http://www.fasebj.org/cgi/content/meeting_abstract/21/6/A1080-a
18. Anti-proliferative effect of polysaccharides from Salicornia herbacea on induction of G2/m arrest and apoptosis in human colon cancers cells
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19996705
19. Macrophage activation by polysaccharide fraction isolated from Salicornia herbacea
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16183225
20. Tungtungmadic acid, a novel antioxidant, from Salicornia herbacea
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16276965
21. Tungtungmadic acid isolated from Salicornia herbacea suppresses the progress of carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis in mice
http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search/display.do?f=2008%2FKR%2FKR0703.xml%3BKR2007000875
22. Protective mechanisms of 3-caffeoyl, 4-dihydrocaffeoyl quinic acid from Salicornia herbacea against tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced oxidative damage
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19647727
23. Flavonoid glycosides isolated from Salicornia herbacea inhibit matrix metalloproteinase in HT1080 cells
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18715546
24. 3-caffeoyl, 4-dihydrocaffeoylquinic acid from Salicornia herbacea inhibits tumor cell invasion by regulating protein kinase C-δ-dependent matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20599481
25. Effects of solvent-extracted fractions from Salicornia herbacea on anti-oxidative activity and lipopolysaccharide-induced NO production in murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells
http://www.dbpia.co.kr/view/ar_view.asp?arid=903350
26. Studies on pharmacological effects of glasswort (Salicornia herbacea L.)
http://210.101.116.28/W_kiss3/07300480_pv.pdf

* Salicornia herbacea=Salicornia europaea=Tungtungmadi(Korean)=Hamcho(Korean)

"Life and Salt"

Salt, like light, air and water, is an essential element of everyday human life. Salt, in particular, works to accelerate metabolism, regulate osmotic pressure, and maintain proper balance between acid and alkali in the human body. Salt has always been valuable and people have long been on the search for the healthiest salt for mankind.

Currently, according to the World Health Organization(WHO), there are 1 billion high blood pressure(hypertension) patients worldwide. This medical condition, which has become a health threat to 1/7 of the world's population, is often the result of excessive salt(sodium) consumption. This excess is also known to be a leading cause of many other illnesses, such as cancer, strokes, and heart diseases. Salt has been a well-liked seasoning throughout time; however, people are now much more conscious about their health and well-being and salt has become one of the most avoided food products. However, it is not so much a matter of consuming more or less salt, but a matter of what kind of salt one consumes.

The two most important aspects to consider with regards to salt are the 'sodium to potassium ratio' and the 'type of mineral' that makes up the salt. Salt is made up of minerals, but the kinds and content of minerals differ in each salt. The mineral, potassium, for example, works to excrete sodium, the cause of many illnesses, from the body. While salt with high potassium content becomes a health threat as it does in functional salts, salt also becomes a problem if it contains too little potassium, as it does in refined or sea salts. Thus, it is imperative that salt contains the proper amount of potassium and maintains the perfect sodium to potassium ratio. The balance of minerals in salt is crucial.

The 'type of mineral' that makes up the salt must be considered as well. This refers to the fundamental issue of whether the salt is made up of organic or inorganic minerals. Inorganic minerals exist in non-living things in the environment, such as soil, rocks, or water. Organic minerals exist in living things, such as plants. In more scientific terms, organic minerals refer to the minerals in complex form combined with organic nutrients, such as amino acids and enzymes. Health scientists warn us that inorganic minerals harm the body and advise us to consume organic minerals, the type of mineral necessary for healthy human life. They further emphasize the importance of organic mineral intake from plants, which absorb inorganic minerals and produce organic minerals through photosynthesis.

An organic-mineral salt with the perfect 'sodium to potassium ratio' can set humans free from most illnesses that arise as a result of salt consumption. The very solution to this problem lies in the extraordinary plant, Salicornia. Salicornia, which is commonly called Glasswort or Samphire, is the salt-accumulating halophyte that feeds off of melted minerals from sea waters in saline areas, such as coastal deserts, reclaimed lands, closed salt farms, and coastal farms. Salicornia is the world’s saltiest edible vegetable that grows and cultivates abundantly in South Korea and Southeast Asia, because it overcomes salt stress through its metabolism, and thus, accumulates salt content internally.

Recently, the effects of Salicornia have started to receive more attention from mass media, appearing in many scientific journals. Salicornia is a new bio-material plant that is very effective for high blood pressure, heart diseases and diabetes. Salicornia is superior because it contains the most minerals and amino acids in the world. The secret to the effectiveness of the Salicornia plant, which has healthily existed from the Paleozoic era to this day, lies in its balance of organic minerals in complex form combined with organic nutrients, such as amino acids and enzymes.

Salicornia, which stores all kinds of minerals from its absorption of seawater, is often called 'the treasure house of minerals'. It is the world's saltiest edible vegetable. It is an interesting phenomenon, that while seawater is salty, the fish and seaweeds that consume seawater are not salty themselves, and nor are organisms on land. However, the Salicornia plant, which grows along the bordering area in-between the sea and land, is salty in nature.

It was only a few years ago that I thought of extracting a plant-based salt from the salt-accumulating plant, Salicornia, just as sugar is extracted from sugar canes, which are sweet in nature. I further realized that this salt could be the solution to health problems that arise as a result of excessive salt consumption and eventually succeeded in developing the world's first 100% plant-derived organic mineral salt, dubbed “Phyto-salt.” While all current salt products in the market are inorganic mineral salts made up of either seawater or rock salt, Phyto-salt is the world's first and only organic mineral salt to be made from a vegetable.

Seawater contains a variety of different minerals, including sodium and potassium, and the sodium to potassium ratio of this water consumed by all marine life is '25:1'. However, sea salt that is made from seawater has a ratio of '100:1', which is 4 times worse. Salt made from the Salicornia plant, on the other hand, grows from the same seawater but have a ratio of '5:1'. The key to finding the healthiest salt for mankind lies in these ratios.

Though the ratio of seawater is nature-made, when this water is dried out in the sun to make sea salt, a crystal made by an ionic bond of mainly sodium(Na) and chlorine(NaCl) leaves large amounts of potassium and other minerals other than sodium chloride(NaCl), making the liquid bitter. Thus, sea salt lacks a substantial amount of potassium, making it an unbalanced salt. On the other hand, the plant-derived salt, Phyto-salt, maintains the perfect mineral balance. This is achieved exclusively through the metabolism of a Salicornia plant, which not only absorbs sodium chloride but also maximizes the absorption of potassium, the mineral necessary to excrete sodium from the body.

Minerals are an important nutrient that form the human body structure and regulate physiological functions. However, they are essential nutrients that must be consumed through foods because they cannot self-produce within the body. That is why it is so important to consume the right minerals for healthy metabolic activity. For salt, it is consuming 'plant-derived organic mineral salt' and avoiding 'non-plant-derived inorganic mineral salts'. This will lead to a healthier and more rewarding life.

By Deuk-Hoi Kim
CEO of PhytoCo

Healthy Food, Phyto-Salt Derived from Salicornia

Salicornia, a halophyte also commonly called glasswort, is the world’s saltiest edible vegetable. They feed off of melted seawater minerals in saline areas such as reclaimed lands, closed salt farms, and seashores. Salicornia recently receives more attention for its effectiveness on hypertension, heart diseases, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and constipation.

Plant-derived Salt from Salicornia:
Different from salt made from seawater or rock salt from rocks, a salt of an entirely new dimension has been invented. As sugar is extracted from sugarcanes which taste sweet, salt is extracted from the salty halophyte, Salicornia. “Phytosalt”, which is honorably titled ‘The World’s First Plant-Derived Salt’, is an entirely different concept of salt from the salts we have consumed until now.

Sea salt(solar salt), which has been used at home when preparing kimchi, salted fish or soy sauce, could not be legally used as a food product until the change in law in April. Sea salt, which is produced on the west coast shore, has recently become a popular product known to contain an abundance of natural minerals and a lower salinity level compared to common salt(refined salt). However, despite how good they claim sea salt to be, this too, is only another salt that hypertension patients fear.

Currently, there are approximately 10 million hypertension patients in South Korea and a billion worldwide, according to the American Heart Association. Approximately, 1/6 of the world population experiences the health threat of hypertension. This reality can only make us more cautious about ‘salt’ every time we cook or eat food. President of PhytoCo, Deuk-Hoi Kim, was not an exception.

“I have seen so many people around me suffer from hypertension, including my mother. So that’s why I thought of extracting salt from Salicornia plants, which are known to be good for hypertension. Salicornia plants are the only edible vegetables that are salty. I got the idea that salt could be extracted from Salicornia plants just how sugar is extracted from sugarcanes.”

Looking at the production process, concentrated Salicornia liquid is made with a hydrothermal extractor. Then, a centrifugal machine and high-performance membranes are used to separate dietary fibers and non-water-soluble particles from the concentrated liquid, and the well-filtrated liquid is collected and solidified to become Salicornia salt, “Phytosalt.”

As Kim expected, “Phytosalt” came out with remarkable effects. It has the title of ‘The World’s First Organic Mineral Salt’, and while all current salts in the market are inorganic mineral salts made from seawater or rock salt, “Phytosalt” is the world’s first organic mineral salt made entirely from a vegetable.

The pre-clinical trial results from the Chonbuk National University Hospital Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods(Director Soo-Wan Chae) are especially note worthy. The research team conducted a 4-week trial on Sprague-Dawley Rats (SDR) and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR), with 2 refined salt(common salt) diet groups, 2 “Phytosalt” diet groups, and 2 control groups, and the results showed that while refined salt caused blood pressure to rise in both SDR and SHR, “Phytosalt,” restrained the rise of blood pressure in SDR and SHR. Especially, SHR that consumed “Phytosalt,” in comparison to SHR in the refined salt group, showed significantly lower blood pressure levels. This restrain in blood pressure occurs because of the organic-mineral plant-derived salt that accelerates the excretion of sodium from the body.

“In salt, potassium is especially important. One role that potassium plays is excreting sodium from the body. Seawater contains many different kinds of minerals including sodium and potassium, and its sodium to potassium ratio is 25:1. For sea salt, this ratio is 100:1, and for “Phytosalt,” it is 5:1. The sodium to potassium ratio of Salicornia plants is also 5:1. In order to survive, Salicornia plants, which have existed since the Paleozoic era, maintain the perfect mineral balance through plant-exclusive metabolism, minimizing the absorption of sodium and maximizing the absorption of potassium from seawater. The plant-derived salt which I have developed maintains that same mineral balance.”

Kim calls himself a ‘salt merchant that dreams of a world free of high blood pressure’. One of the special features of “Phytosalt” is producing various salinity levels(50-90%) by controlling the ratio of minerals. Expected to mass-produce and come out in the market in the near future.

By Sun-Sook Koo(kss@design.co.kr)
"Hengbogi Gadeukhan Zip" Magazine
2008 August Issue